Borobudur is the name of a Buddhist temple located at Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java. The location of the temple is approximately 100 km southwest of Semarang and 40 km northwest of Yogyakarta. This temple was founded by the Mahayana Buddhists around the year 800 AD the dynasty during the reign of Syailendra. In ethnic Tionghoa, this temple is also called 婆罗 浮屠 (Hanyu Pinyin: po luo fu tu)
Many theories attempt to explain the name of this temple. One of them states that the name is probably derived from the word Sambharabhudhara, which means "mountain" (bhudara) where the slopes situated terraces. In addition there are some other folk etymology. Suppose that the word comes from the greeting Borobudur "the Buddha" who due to sound shifts to Borobudur. Another explanation is that the name derives from two words "coal" and "beduhur". The word supposedly comes from the embers of the monastery, while there is also another explanation where the coal comes from Sanskrit which means temple or monastery complex and beduhur meaning is "high", or to remind the Balinese language means "above". So the point is a monastery or hostel located on high ground.
Historian J.G. de Casparis in his dissertation to obtain his doctorate in 1950 argued that Borobudur is a place of worship. Based on the inscriptions and Kahulunan Karangtengah, Casparis estimate the founder of Borobudur was named king of Mataram dynasty Syailendra Samaratungga, which they will build around the year 824 AD The giant new buildings can be completed at the time of her daughter, Queen Pramudawardhani. Borobudur Development estimated a half-century time-consuming. In the inscription Karangtengah also mentioned about the bestowal of land sima (tax-free land) by the CRI Kahulunan (Pramudawardhani) to maintain Kamūlān called Bhūmisambhāra. Kamūlān term itself comes from the first word that means place of origin, the sacred buildings to glorify the ancestors, the ancestors of the dynasty Sailendra possibility. Bhumi Sambhāra Casparis Bhudhāra estimates that in the Sanskrit language which means "Hill of the set of ten levels boddhisattwa virtue," was the original name of Borobudur.
Borobudur is a ten-story clearly illustrates the Mahayana school of philosophy. like a book, Borobudur described ten levels of Bodhisattva which must pass to reach the perfection of the Buddha. Kamadhatu symbolizes the foot of Borobudur, the world is still dominated by kama, or "low desire". This part is mostly covered by a pile of stone that allegedly made to strengthen the construction of temples. At the closed part of this additional structure there are 120 panels Kammawibhangga story. A small additional structure was set aside so people can still see the relief in this section.
Four floors with wall berelief on it by experts named Rupadhatu. The floor is rectangular. Rupadhatu is a world that has been able to free himself from passion, but still bound by the appearance and shape. This level represents the nature of that is, between the bottom and the nature of nature. In part this Rupadhatu Buddha statues there in the recesses of the wall above ballustrade or breezeway.
Starting the fifth to the seventh floor walls are not berelief. This level is called Arupadhatu (which means do not form or intangible). Circular floor plan. It represents a level of natural top, where the man was free from all desires and commitments shape and appearance, but have not reached nirvana. Buddha statues are placed in the stupa covered with holes as in a cage. From outside the statues were still dim.
The highest level that describes the lack of existence is symbolized in the form of the Stupa, the largest and highest. Stupa depicted plain without the holes. Within the biggest stupa of Buddha statue was ever found of an imperfect or unfinished also called Buddha, which disalahsangkakan as Adibuddha statue, but through further research, there never was a statue at the main stupa, statues were not completed was a mistake creators in the past. according to the belief that one statue in the drafting process was not allowed to be destroyed. Archaeological excavations carried out in the yard to find many statues of this temple like this.
Gamelan is the music created by the sound of gongs alloys, kenong and other Javanese musical instruments. The rhythm of the music that is soft and reflects the harmony of Javanese life will soon greet and soothe the soul so heard. Gamelan is surely not a foreign music. Its popularity has spread to various continents and has created a new blend of jazz-gamelan music, gave birth to the institution as a learning space and the expression of gamelan music, to produce famous gamelan musicians. Gamelan music instrument can now be enjoyed in many parts of the world, but Yogyakarta is the most appropriate place to enjoy the gamelan is it since you can enjoy the original version.
Developing gamelan in Yogyakarta is Javanese gamelan, a different form of gamelan Balinese gamelan or Sundanese gamelan. Javanese gamelan has a softer tone and slow, in contrast to the dynamic Balinese gamelan and Sundanese gamelan highly dominated lilting voice and flute. The difference is understandable, because Java has its own view of life expressed in the rhythm of gamelan music.
Javanese philosophy of life expressed in gamelan music is the harmony of physical and spiritual life, speak and act in harmony in order not to create an explosive expression and to manifest tolerance. Real form of music is the pull string fiddle that is, a balanced blend of sound kenong, saron drum and xylophone and gong sounds on every cover of a rhythm.
There is no definite history of gamelan. The development of gamelan music is expected since the emergence of rafters, fiddle, pat into the mouth, the friction on a thin rope or bamboo to familiar musical instruments from metal. Subsequent developments after named gamelan music was used to accompany the leather puppet show and dances. Later it became independent as the music itself and are equipped with voice sinden.
A set of gamelan consist of several instruments, including a set of similar musical instrument drum called drums, fiddle and zither, xylophone, gongs and bamboo flutes. The main components that make up the gamelan music instruments are bamboo, metal, and wood. Each instrument has its own function in gamelan music show, for example gong music played to close a long and gave the balance after the previous musical rhythm was decorated by gending.
Javanese gamelan is music with pentatonic melodies. A complete gamelan game consists of two rounds, namely slendro and pelog. Slendro has five tones per octave, ie 1 2 3 5 6 [C-D E + GA] with small differences in the interval. Pelog has seven tones per octave, ie 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 [C + D E-F # G # AB] with a large difference interval. Gamelan music compositions created by some rules, which consist of several rounds and pathet, limited by a gong and the melodies were created in a unit consisting of four tones.
You can see gamelan as an independent music performance or a dance or performing arts such as wayang kulit and ketoprak. As a performance, gamelan music is usually combined with the sound of the Javanese singers (male singers and female singers called wiraswara called waranggana or sinden). Gamelan music concert performance can be classical or contemporary gamelan. One form of contemporary gamelan music is jazz-gamelan music as a combination of pentatonic and diatonic melodies.
One of the places in Yogyakarta where you can see is the Kraton Yogyakarta gamelan performances. On Thursday at 10:00 to 12:00 p.m. gamelan as a music performance. Day Saturday at the same time as the accompaniment of gamelan music performed shadow puppet show, while on Sunday at the same time as the accompaniment of gamelan music performed traditional Javanese dance. To see the show, you can go to the Hall of Sri Maganti. Meanwhile, in order to see the old gamelan, you can go to another of the kingdom which lies further to the rear.
Borobudur is the name of a Buddhist temple located at Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java. The location of the temple is approximately 100 km southwest of Semarang and 40 km northwest of Yogyakarta. This temple was founded by the Mahayana Buddhists around the year 800 AD the dynasty during the reign of Syailendra. In ethnic Tionghoa, this temple is also called 婆罗 浮屠 (Hanyu Pinyin: po luo fu tu)
Many theories attempt to explain the name of this temple. One of them states that the name is probably derived from the word Sambharabhudhara, which means "mountain" (bhudara) where the slopes situated terraces. In addition there are some other folk etymology. Suppose that the word comes from the greeting Borobudur "the Buddha" who due to sound shifts to Borobudur. Another explanation is that the name derives from two words "coal" and "beduhur". The word supposedly comes from the embers of the monastery, while there is also another explanation where the coal comes from Sanskrit which means temple or monastery complex and beduhur meaning is "high", or to remind the Balinese language means "above". So the point is a monastery or hostel located on high ground.
Historian J.G. de Casparis in his dissertation to obtain his doctorate in 1950 argued that Borobudur is a place of worship. Based on the inscriptions and Kahulunan Karangtengah, Casparis estimate the founder of Borobudur was named king of Mataram dynasty Syailendra Samaratungga, which they will build around the year 824 AD The giant new buildings can be completed at the time of her daughter, Queen Pramudawardhani. Borobudur Development estimated a half-century time-consuming. In the inscription Karangtengah also mentioned about the bestowal of land sima (tax-free land) by the CRI Kahulunan (Pramudawardhani) to maintain Kamūlān called Bhūmisambhāra. Kamūlān term itself comes from the first word that means place of origin, the sacred buildings to glorify the ancestors, the ancestors of the dynasty Sailendra possibility. Bhumi Sambhāra Casparis Bhudhāra estimates that in the Sanskrit language which means "Hill of the set of ten levels boddhisattwa virtue," was the original name of Borobudur.
Borobudur is a ten-story clearly illustrates the Mahayana school of philosophy. like a book, Borobudur described ten levels of Bodhisattva which must pass to reach the perfection of the Buddha. Kamadhatu symbolizes the foot of Borobudur, the world is still dominated by kama, or "low desire". This part is mostly covered by a pile of stone that allegedly made to strengthen the construction of temples. At the closed part of this additional structure there are 120 panels Kammawibhangga story. A small additional structure was set aside so people can still see the relief in this section.
Four floors with wall berelief on it by experts named Rupadhatu. The floor is rectangular. Rupadhatu is a world that has been able to free himself from passion, but still bound by the appearance and shape. This level represents the nature of that is, between the bottom and the nature of nature. In part this Rupadhatu Buddha statues there in the recesses of the wall above ballustrade or breezeway.
Starting the fifth to the seventh floor walls are not berelief. This level is called Arupadhatu (which means do not form or intangible). Circular floor plan. It represents a level of natural top, where the man was free from all desires and commitments shape and appearance, but have not reached nirvana. Buddha statues are placed in the stupa covered with holes as in a cage. From outside the statues were still dim.
The highest level that describes the lack of existence is symbolized in the form of the Stupa, the largest and highest. Stupa depicted plain without the holes. Within the biggest stupa of Buddha statue was ever found of an imperfect or unfinished also called Buddha, which disalahsangkakan as Adibuddha statue, but through further research, there never was a statue at the main stupa, statues were not completed was a mistake creators in the past. according to the belief that one statue in the drafting process was not allowed to be destroyed. Archaeological excavations carried out in the yard to find many statues of this temple like this.
